What is Raspberry Pi
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Raspberry Pi
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia |
After the discharge of the second board sort, the Raspberry Pi Foundation discovered a brand new entity, named Raspberry Pi mercantilism, and put in Eben Upton as CEO, with the responsibility of developing technology. the muse was rededicated as an academic charity for promoting the teaching of basic engineering science in faculties and developing countries.
Sold units of the Raspberry Pi
The Raspberry Pi is one of the popular British computers. As of Dec 2019, over thirty million boards are sold out. Most Pis area unit created in a very Sony works in Pencoed, Wales, whereas others area units created in China and Japan.
Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi brand.SVG
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Raspberry Pi four Model B |
Also called
RPi
Release date
24 Feb 2012; eight years agone (Original)
24 Gregorian calendar month 2019; eighteen months agone (Current)
Introductory worth
US$35 (Pi four a pair of GiB)
US$55 (Pi four GiB)
US$75 (Pi four-eight GiB)
Operating system
FreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
Plan 9
RISC OS
Windows ten ARM64
Windows ten IoT Core
System on a chip
Pi three A+: Broadcom BCM2837B0
Pi four B: Broadcom BCM2711B0
Zero W: Broadcom BCM2835
CM 3+: Broadcom BCM2837B0
CPU
Pi 3 A+: 1.4 gigacycle per second quad-core A53 64-bit
Pi 4 B: 1.5 gigacycle per second quad-core A72 64-bit
Zero W: one gigacycle per second ARM11 32-bit
CM 3+: 1.2 gigacycle per second quad-core A53 64-bit
Memory
Pi three A+: 512 MiB LPDDR2 SDRAM
Pi 4 B: 2, 4, or eight tomcat LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM
Zero W: 512 MiB LPDDR2 SDRAM
CM 3+: one tomcat LPDDR2 SDRAM
Storage
MicroSDHC slot, USB Mass memory device for booting
Graphics
Pi three A+: Broadcom VideoCore IV four hundred MHz
Pi four B: Broadcom VideoCore VI five hundred MHz
Zero W: Broadcom VideoCore IV
CM 3+: Broadcom VideoCore IV
Power
5 V; three A (for full power delivery to USB devices)
Website
raspberrypi.org
Generations
Several
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image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia The Raspberry Pi Zero, a US$7 model 1st introduced in 2015 |
.png/330px-Raspberry_Pi_3_B%2B_(39906369025).png) |
| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia The Raspberry Pi three B+, introduced in 2018 |
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia The Raspberry Pi four B, introduced in 2019 |
generations of Raspberry Pis are free. All models feature a Broadcom system on a chip (SoC) with an associate degree integrated ARM-compatible central process unit (CPU) and on-chip graphics process unit (GPU).
The first generation (Raspberry Pi Model B) was free in Feb 2012, followed by the less complicated and cheaper Model A. In 2014, the muse frees a board with associate degree improved style, Raspberry Pi Model B+. These 1st generation boards feature ARM11 processors, area unit some credit-card sized and represent the quality inject form-factor. Improved A+ and B+ models were free a year later. A "Compute Module" was free in Apr 2014 for embedded applications.
The Raspberry Pi a pair of was free in Feb 2015 and at the start featured a 900 Mc 32-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor with one tomcat RAM. Later versions featured a one.2 gigacycle per second 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor.
A Raspberry Pi Zero with a smaller size and reduced input/output (I/O) and general input/output (GPIO) capabilities was free in Nov 2015 for US$5. On twenty-eight Feb 2017, the Raspberry Pi Zero W was launched, a version of the Zero with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, for US$10. On twelve Jan 2018, the Raspberry Pi Zero WH was launched, a version of the Zero W with pre-soldered GPIO headers.
Raspberry Pi three Model B was free in Feb 2016 with a one.2 gigacycle per second 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor, onboard 802.11n Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and USB boot capabilities.
On Pi Day 2018, the Raspberry Pi three Model B+ was launched with a quicker one.4 gigacycle per the second processor and a three-times quicker gigabit local area network (throughput restricted to ca. three hundred Mbit/s by the inner USB a pair of.0 connection) or a pair of.4 / five gigacycle per second dual-band 802.11ac Wi-Fi (100 Mbit/s). different options area unit Power over local area network (PoE) (with the add-on Edgar Allen Poe HAT), USB boot, and network boot (an South Dakota card isn't any longer required).
Raspberry Pi four Model B was free in Gregorian calendar month 2019 with a one.5 gigacycle per second 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 processor, on-board 802.11ac Wi-Fi, Bluetooth five, full gigabit local area network (throughput not limited), two USB 2.0 ports, two USB 3.0 ports, and dual-monitor support via a combination of small HDMI (HDMI sort D) ports for up to 4K resolution. The Pi four is additionally supercharged via a USB-C port, sanctioning extra power to be provided to downstream peripherals, once used with associate degree acceptable PSU. The initial Raspberry Pi four board encompasses a style flaw wherever third-party e-marked USB cables, like those used on Apple MacBooks, incorrectly establish it and refuse to supply power. Tom's Hardware tested fourteen totally different cables and located that eleven of them turned on and supercharged the Pi while not issue. the look flaw was fastened in revision one.2 of the board, free in late 2019.
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Raspberry Pi four hundred Kit |
Raspberry Pi four hundred was free in Nov 2020. It options a custom board that's derived from the prevailing Raspberry Pi four, specifically reworked with a keyboard hooked up. a sturdy cooling answer kind of like the one found in a very commissioned naval officer sixty-four permits the Raspberry Pi 400's Broadcom BCM2711C0 processor to be clocked at one.8 GHz, which is slightly more than the Raspberry Pi four it's supported. The keyboard-computer options four tomcats of LPDDR4 RAM.
Accessories
.jpg/330px-Raspberry_Pi_Camera_Module_-_Hand-Held_(14672275231).jpg) |
| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Raspberry Pi five-megapixel camera |
.jpg/330px-Raspberry_Pi_4B_DVB_TV_%CE%BCHat_(angle).jpg) |
image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Raspberry PI four Model B with a "TV Hat" card (for DVB-T/T2 tv reception) hooked up. |
- Gertboard – A Raspberry Pi Foundation sanctioned device, designed for academic functions, that expands the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins to permit interface with and management of LEDs, switches, analog signals, sensors, and different devices. It additionally includes an associate degree elective Arduino compatible controller to interface with the Pi.
- Camera – On fourteen might 2013, the muse and therefore the distributor's RS parts & Premier Farnell/Element fourteen launched the Raspberry Pi camera board aboard a microcode update to accommodate it. The camera board is shipped with a versatile flat cable that plugs into the CSI instrumentality that is found between the local area network and HDMI ports. In Raspbian, the utilization should alter the use of the camera board by running Raspi-config and choosing the camera choice. The camera module prices €20 in Europe (9 Gregorian calendar months 2013). It uses the OmniVision OV5647 image sensing element and might manufacture 1080p, 720p and 640x480p video. the size area unit twenty-five metric linear units × twenty metric linear units × nine metric linear units. In might 2016, v2 of the camera came out, associate degreed is an eight-megapixel camera employing a Sony IMX219.
- Infrared Camera – In Gregorian calendar month 2013, the muse declared that they might begin manufacturing a camera module while not an associate degree infrared filter, referred to as the Pi NoIR.
- Official show – On eight Gregorian calendar months 2015, the muse and therefore the distributor's RS parts & Premier Farnell/Element fourteen launched the Raspberry Pi bit Display[209]
- HAT (Hardware hooked up on Top) growth boards – in conjunction with the Model B+, galvanized by the Arduino protect boards, the interface for HAT boards was devised by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. every HAT board carries a tiny low EEPROM (typically a CAT24C32WI-GT3) containing the relevant details of the board, so the Raspberry Pi's OS is abreast HAT, and therefore the technical details of it, relevant to the OS mistreatment of the HAT. Mechanical details of a HAT board, that uses the four mounting holes in their rectangular formation, area unit offered online.
- High-Quality Camera - In might 2020, the 12.3 megapixel Sony IMXZ477 sensing element camera module was free with support for C- and CS-mount lenses.[215] The unit at the start retailed for US$50 with interchangeable lenses beginning at US$25.
connectors
Pi Zero
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICS |
Model A
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi one Model A |
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi one Model A+ revision one.1 |
Model B
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image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi one Model B revision one.2 |
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image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi one Model B+ revision one.2 and Raspberry Pi 2 |
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi three |
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi four |
General purpose input-output (GPIO) connector
Raspberry Pi one Models A+ and B+, Pi a pair of Model B, Pi three Models A+, B and B+, Pi 4, and Pi Zero, Zero W, and 0 WH GPIO J8 have a 40-pin pinout. Raspberry Pi one Models A and B have solely the primary twenty-six pins.
In the Pi Zero and 0 W, the forty GPIO pins area unit uninhabited, having the through-holes exposed for fastening instead. The Zero WH (Wireless + Header) has the header pins preinstalled.
Operating systems
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| image source - Google | image by - Wikipedia Various operation systems for the Raspberry Pi are often put in on a MicroSD, MiniSD, or South Dakota card, betting on the board and offered adapters; seen here is that the MicroSD slot settled on the lowest of a Raspberry Pi a pair of the board. |
The Raspberry Pi Foundation provides Raspberry Pi OS (formerly referred to as Raspbian), a Debian-based (32-bit) UNIX distribution for transfer, moreover as third-party Ubuntu, Windows ten IoT Core, RISC OS, and LibreELEC (specialized media center distribution). It promotes Python and Scratch because of the main programming languages, with support for several different languages. The default microcode is closed supply, whereas unofficial open supply is accessible. several different operating systems also can run on the Raspberry Pi. Third-party operation systems offered via the official website embrace Ubuntu MATE, Windows ten IoT Core, reduced instruction set computing OS, and specialized distributions for the Kodi media center and schoolroom management. The formally verified microkernel seL4 is additionally supported.
Other in operation systems (not Linux-based)
- Broadcom VCOS – Proprietary software which incorporates an associate degree abstraction layer designed to integrate with existing kernels, like ThreadX (which is employed on the VideoCore4 processor), providing drivers and middleware for application development. within the case of the Raspberry Pi, this includes an associate degree application to start out the ARM processor(s) and supply the publically documented API over a mailbox interface, serving as its microcode. associate degree incomplete supply of a UNIX port of VCOS is accessible as a part of the reference graphics driver revealed by Broadcom.
- RISC OS Pi (a special block version reduced instruction set computing OS Pico, for sixteen MiB cards and bigger for all models of Pi one & a pair of, has additionally been created offered.)
- FreeBSD
- NetBSD
- OpenBSD (only on 64-bit platforms, like Raspberry Pi 3)
- Plan nine from Bell Labs and Inferno (in beta)
- Windows ten IoT Core – a zero-price edition of Windows ten offered by Microsoft that runs natively on the Raspberry Pi a pair of.
- Haiku – associate degree open supply BeOS clone that has been compiled for the Raspberry Pi {and several|and many different|and several other} other ARM boards.[156] Work on Pi one began in 2011, however solely the Pi a pair of are supported.
- HelenOS – a transportable microkernel-based multiserver in operation system; has basic Raspberry Pi support since version zero.6.0
Other in operation systems (Linux-based)
- Android Things – associate degree embedded version of the robot software designed for IoT device development.
- Arch UNIX ARM – a port of Arch UNIX for ARM processors.
- openSUSE
- SUSE UNIX Enterprise Server twelve SP2
- SUSE UNIX Enterprise Server twelve SP3 (Commercial support)
- Gentoo Linux
- Lubuntu
- Xubuntu
- Devuan
- CentOS for Raspberry Pi a pair of and later
- sleeve (an RHEL port) for Raspberry Pi one
- Slackware ARM – version thirteen.37 and later runs on the Raspberry Pi while not modified. The 128–496 MiB of accessible memory on the Raspberry Pi is a minimum of double the minimum demand of sixty-four MiB required to run Slackware UNIX on an associate degree ARM or i386 system. (Whereas the bulk of UNIX systems boot into a graphical computer program, Slackware's default user atmosphere is that the textual shell/command interface. The Fluxbox window manager running below the X Window System needs an extra forty-eight MiB of RAM.[
- Kali UNIX system – a Debian-derived distro designed for digital forensics and penetration testing.
- SolydXK – a lightweight Debian-derived distro with Xfce.
- Ark OS – designed for website and email self-hosting.
- Sailfish OS with Raspberry Pi two (due to using ARM Cortex-A7 CPU; Raspberry Pi one uses totally different ARMv6 design and Sailfish needs ARMv7.)
- Tiny Core UNIX system – a smallest UNIX system package centered on providing a base system victimization BusyBox and FLTK. Designed to run primarily in RAM.
- Alpine UNIX system – a UNIX system distribution supported must and BusyBox, primarily designed for "power users UN agency appreciate security, simplicity and resource efficiency".
- postmarketOS - distribution supported Alpine UNIX system, primarily developed for smartphones.
- Void UNIX system – a rolling unharness UNIX system distribution that was designed and enforced from scratch, provides pictures supported must or Glibc.
- Fedora – supports Pi two and later since homburg twenty-five (Pi one is supported by some unofficial derivatives).
- OpenWrt – an extremely protractile UNIX system distribution for embedded devices (typically wireless routers). It supports Pi one, 2, 3, four, and 0 W.
- Manjaro ARM - Port of Manjaro UNIX system to ARM. Supports Raspberry Pi4.
- RetroPie - Associate in Nursing effect of Raspbian OS that uses Emulation Station as its frontend for RetroArch and different emulators like Mupen64 for retro recreation.
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